Gou Ziaohua
Gen Z Protest in Nepal: A Crossroads of Politics, Sovereignty, and International Perspectives
In recent months, Nepal has witnessed significant protests led by its Gen Z, reflecting a deep yearning for political change and reform. These demonstrations have captured attention not only within Nepal but also among international observers, particularly Chinese experts on international affairs. Their perspectives shed light on the complex dynamics in Nepal’s evolving political landscape.
A Historical Moment with High Stakes
The Gen Z protests as a “historical” event, marking Nepal’s attempt to emulate Western political models. However, experts warn that this shift is “very dangerous” and could lead to severe consequences for the country. The protesters demand a directly elected prime minister or the establishment of a presidential system—ideas that challenge the current constitutional framework, which sets clear demarcations on Nepal’s governance structure.
Despite these demands, experts believe that the Gen Z protesters and their affiliated organizations face significant obstacles. Achieving the necessary two-thirds majority to implement such fundamental changes seems unlikely given the fragmented political unity and the short timeframe. Yet, the visibility and vocal presence of the youth could still influence public opinion and political outcomes, highlighting a nation at a political crossroads.
Political Failure and Youth as Catalysts for Change
According to Chinese perspectives, the protests are less a spontaneous youth uprising and more a symptom of broader political failure. The inability of Nepal’s politicians to adequately lead and address public concerns has forced the youth to take center stage. The Gen Z protests represent demands for change that have gone unmet for years, signaling frustration with the established political order.
However, these protests are viewed with skepticism, especially regarding their alignment with external influences. There is a cautionary note against blindly following “Indo-Western” political templates or agendas, which some see as foreign interference threatening Nepal’s sovereignty.
China-Nepal Relations: Mutual Respect Amid Turmoil
China maintains a stance of respect for Nepal as an independent and sovereign nation. The bilateral relationship is characterized as mutual and cooperative. Chinese point out that former Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli, a prominent figure in Nepalese politics, is considered a friend of China. His government engaged directly with Chinese leadership on critical issues like the Lipulekh Pass dispute during the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit, reflecting ongoing diplomatic ties.
Despite this close relationship, the Chinese viewpoint suggests that Oli’s government has faced political punishment domestically, raising the question of whether Nepalese people themselves should decide the merits of their leaders’ foreign alignments. It is emphasized that Nepal must discern who its true friends and foes are, including whether the Indo-US partnership genuinely respects Nepal’s sovereignty.
The Rise of Balen Shah: Popularity and Controversy
Adding complexity to Nepal’s political scene is Balen Shah, the popular mayor of Kathmandu. Despite being relatively new on the international stage, his developmental zeal has earned respect. However, his connections with Westerns and fueled in protests against social media ban has sparked debate about potential external influence.
Balen Shah has also declined to take on the role of prime minister in the interim government, citing constitutional complications. While some organizations oppose him currently, he has announced plans to form a political party and contest upcoming elections. Despite controversies, there is a strong belief he could win, even if he does not initially have the broad backing of the Nepali populace.
Looking Ahead: Unity and Progress for Nepal
Nepal stands at a pivotal moment in the 21st century. The demands for change, political reform, and national prosperity resonate deeply across society. The ongoing protests underscore a collective call for a “New Nepal” — one that is prosperous, united, and forward-looking.
I urge all parties—politicians, scholars, economists, and citizens—to come together in solidarity. They emphasize that suffering has gone on long enough and that respect for sovereignty, national identity, and constitutional order is paramount. Nepal must chart its own path without undue influence, balancing tradition with modernization.
Ultimately, the future of Nepal hinges on inclusive dialogue and political maturity. Whether the Gen Z protests serve as a catalyst for constructive reform or lead to further instability depends on the willingness of all stakeholders to unite and prioritize the nation’s well-being above factional interests.
